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Tesamorelin: Full Reference List

Every figure on this site resolves to a study below. Peer-reviewed trials, the FDA-approved labeling, and the NIH drug-safety monograph, with PMIDs and DOIs.

Back to the researchTesamorelin and liver fat

How to read this list

Each entry carries the citation, a DOI where one exists, and a PubMed or NCBI URL. Inline markers like [3] throughout the site map to the numbered entries here. The list spans the pivotal Phase 3 program, the hepatic-fat and NAFLD-pathway studies, the mechanistic healthy-men data, the FDA-approved labeling, the NIH LiverTox monograph, and the 2026 meta-analysis.

  1. Falutz J, Allas S, Blot K, Potvin D, Kotler D, Somero M, Berger D, et al. Metabolic effects of a growth hormone-releasing factor in patients with HIV. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(23):2359-2370. ↗
  2. Falutz J, Allas S, Mamputu JC, Potvin D, Kotler D, Somero M, Berger D, Brown S, Richmond G, Fessel J, Turner R, Grinspoon S. Long-term safety and effects of tesamorelin, a growth hormone-releasing factor analogue, in HIV patients with abdominal fat accumulation. AIDS. 2008;22(14):1719-1728. ↗
  3. Stanley TL, Feldpausch MN, Oh J, Branch KL, Lee H, Torriani M, Grinspoon SK. Effect of tesamorelin on visceral fat and liver fat in HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014;312(4):380-389. ↗
  4. Stanley TL, Chen CY, Branch KL, Makimura H, Grinspoon SK. Effects of a growth hormone-releasing hormone analog on endogenous GH pulsatility and insulin sensitivity in healthy men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(1):150-158. ↗
  5. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Tesamorelin. In: LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. Bethesda (MD): NCBI Bookshelf (NIH); 2018. ↗
  6. Stanley TL, et al. Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Reduces Circulating Markers of Immune Activation in Parallel with Effects on Hepatic Immune Pathways in Individuals with HIV-infection and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;73:621-630. ↗
  7. Braun LR, et al. Fibroblast growth factor 21 decreases after liver fat reduction via growth hormone augmentation. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2017;37:1-6. ↗
  8. Fourman LT, Stanley TL, Billingsley JM, et al. Delineating tesamorelin response pathways in HIV-associated NAFLD using a targeted proteomic and transcriptomic approach. Sci Rep. 2021;11:10485. ↗
  9. Fourman LT, Stanley TL, Zheng I, et al. Clinical Predictors of Liver Fibrosis Presence and Progression in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;72:2087-2094. ↗
  10. Fourman LT, Stanley TL, Ockene MW, et al. Proteomic Analysis of Hepatic Fibrosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Demonstrates Up-regulation of Immune Response and Tissue Repair Pathways. J Infect Dis. 2023;227:565-576. ↗
  11. Spooner LM, Olin JL. Tesamorelin: a growth hormone-releasing factor analogue for HIV-associated lipodystrophy. Ann Pharmacother. 2012;46(2):240-247. ↗
  12. Wang Y, Tomlinson B. Tesamorelin, a human growth hormone releasing factor analogue. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2009;18:303-310. ↗
  13. Theratechnologies Inc. (FDA-approved labeling). Tesamorelin for injection — Full Prescribing Information. U.S. FDA Prescribing Information (NDA 022505); 2025. ↗
  14. Veldhuis JD, Erickson D, et al. Endogenous Estrogen Regulates Somatostatin-Induced Rebound GH Secretion in Postmenopausal Women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101:4298-4304. ↗
  15. Badran AS, et al. Body composition, hepatic fat, metabolic, and safety outcomes of Tesamorelin, a GHRH analogue, in HIV-associated lipodystrophy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2026. ↗